Extended Range Electric Vehicle: What are Extended Range EVs (EREVs) and How Do They Work?

Extended Range Electric Vehicle: What are Extended Range EVs (EREVs) and How Do They Work?

Extended range electric vehicles, commonly known as range extenders or EREVs, are electric vehicles that exchange battery capacity for an onboard generator. EREVs combine the advantages of electric vehicles with the durability of conventional internal combustion engines (ICE). They are not pure EVs since they still use petroleum and gas to generate power when the battery’s charge is low, but they are not plug-in hybrids either.

The electric motor, battery pack, internal combustion engine, and energy management system are the major components that enable an EREV to function. These components work together to give a smooth driving experience, whether in urban areas or on long-distance trips.

EREVs typically operate in two primary modes:

**All-Electric Mode:**In this mode, the car runs solely on the battery. This is perfect for short trips and urban commuting, as it reduces emissions and lowers operating expenses. The electric motor provides instant torque, resulting in responsive acceleration and a quiet driving experience. Regenerative braking systems capture energy during braking, sending it back to the battery to extend the electric range.

**Extended-Range Mode:**When the battery charge decreases to a predetermined level, the EMS automatically switches the vehicle to extended-range mode. The internal combustion engine kicks in, generating electricity to power the electric motor. This transition is smooth and often goes unnoticed by the driver. Drivers may travel substantially longer distances in this mode, frequently reaching 500km with a full tank of gas and a charged battery.

Core Components of EREVs

Electric Motor: The electric motor is the primary source of propulsion in an EREV. It converts electrical energy from the battery into mechanical energy, driving the wheels. Electric motors are known for their high torque and efficiency, enabling quick acceleration and smooth performance. Unlike traditional engines, electric motors operate quietly and with fewer moving parts, reducing maintenance needs and enhancing reliability.

Battery Pack: The battery pack stores electrical energy and is typically composed of lithium-ion cells, which are both lightweight and capable of delivering high energy density. The size of the battery directly affects the all-electric range of the vehicle. Most EREVs offer a range of 35 to 80 km on electric power alone, making them perfect for daily commutes. Advanced battery management systems (BMS) monitor the state of charge, ensuring optimal performance and longevity by preventing overcharging and deep discharging.

Internal Combustion Engine (ICE): The ICE in an EREV functions primarily as a generator rather than as a propulsion source. When the battery’s charge is low, the engine activates to produce electricity, which powers the electric motor and recharges the battery. This setup allows for extended driving ranges without the need for frequent stops to recharge. The ICE is usually optimized for efficiency, meaning it runs at a consistent speed to produce power without excessive fuel consumption.

Energy Management System: The energy management system (EMS) functions as the EREV’s brain, coordinating the interactions of the electric motor, battery, and generator. It continuously monitors driving conditions and the state of the battery, deciding when to draw power from the battery, when to engage the generator, and how to optimize energy use. This intelligent management ensures that the vehicle operates efficiently, maximizing electric range and fuel economy.

Advantages of the Dual Powertrain

The dual powertrain architecture of EREVs provides several advantages over conventional electric vehicles (EVs) and traditional gasoline vehicles:

Reduced Range Anxiety: By combining electric and gasoline power, EREVs reduce the risk of running out of battery, especially in areas where charging infrastructure is sparse. This makes them a practical choice for consumers who frequently travel longer distances.

Flexibility: EREVs can cater to a variety of driving needs. For daily commuting, drivers can rely on electric power, reducing fuel costs and emissions. For longer trips, the generator ensures that drivers remain mobile without the need for frequent recharging.

Enhanced Efficiency: The integration of regenerative braking and smart energy management systems allows EREVs to maximize efficiency. By recapturing energy during braking and optimizing the use of the electric motor and generator, these vehicles can achieve impressive fuel economy.

To summarize, the extended-range electric vehicle function is an innovative blend of electric propulsion and traditional gasoline power, designed to meet the needs of modern drivers. As the automotive industry continues to innovate, EREVs represent a compelling solution for those looking to embrace electric driving while maintaining the flexibility to travel longer distances without concern.

Extended Range Electric Vehicle: What are Extended Range EVs (EREVs) and How Do They Work

Advantages of Choosing an Extended-Range Electric Vehicle

Extended-range electric vehicles (EREVs) present a compelling option for consumers seeking a blend of sustainability, performance, and practicality. With their unique configuration of electric and gasoline power, EREVs offer several advantages that set them apart from traditional vehicles and even standard electric vehicles (EVs). Let’s explore the key benefits of choosing an EREV below.

Enhanced Driving Flexibility

One of the standout advantages of EREVs is their flexibility in driving options. Unlike conventional electric vehicles that rely solely on battery power, EREVs can seamlessly switch between electric and gasoline power. This dual capability allows drivers to choose their preferred mode based on the trip requirements.

• Short Trips: For daily commuting and short errands, drivers can operate in electric-only mode, maximizing efficiency and reducing fuel costs.
• Longer Journeys: When travelling longer distances, the gasoline generator can provide peace of mind, eliminating range anxiety without compromising performance.

Reduced Dependence on Charging Infrastructure

While EVs often require access to charging infrastructure for optimal convenience, EREVs reduce this concern. The combination of electric and gasoline power means that drivers are less dependent on available charging stations, making EREVs suitable for areas with limited charging options or during long road trips.

• Convenient Refuelling: In situations where charging stations may be sparse, drivers can rely on gasoline to maintain mobility, allowing for greater freedom in travel plans.
• Adaptation to Infrastructure: As charging infrastructure develops, EREV drivers can benefit from electric power while still having the option of using gasoline, ensuring they are always ready to drive.

Cost-Effectiveness Over Time

EREVs can offer significant long-term cost savings, particularly for drivers who frequently travel both short and long distances. By leveraging electric power for daily use and gasoline for extended trips, users can optimize their fuel expenditures.

• Lower Fuel Costs: Electricity is often cheaper than gasoline, leading to reduced overall fuel expenses for drivers who primarily use electric mode.
• Potential Tax Incentives: Many regions in Canada offer tax incentives for electric and hybrid vehicles, which can further reduce the overall cost of ownership.

Environmental Benefits

Choosing an EREV can significantly contribute to environmental sustainability. While they are not entirely emission-free, their design encourages reduced emissions compared to traditional gasoline vehicles.

• Emission Reduction: EREVs operate on electric power for short trips, leading to lower greenhouse gas emissions in urban areas where air quality is often a concern.
• Cleaner Energy Integration: Many EREV owners can charge their vehicles using renewable energy sources, further enhancing the environmental benefits and promoting a cleaner energy future.

Advanced Features

Modern EREVs use cutting-edge technology that improves driving comfort, safety, and efficiency. Many models include:

• Smart Energy Management Systems: These systems optimize the use of electric and gasoline power, ensuring that the vehicle operates at peak efficiency under varying conditions.
• Infotainment and Connectivity: EREVs often come with advanced infotainment systems that include navigation, smartphone integration, and safety technologies, providing a superior driving experience.

Quiet Operation and Comfort

The electric drive system in EREVs offers a quieter and smoother ride compared to traditional vehicles. This is particularly beneficial in urban environments, where noise pollution can be a significant concern.

• Reduced Noise Pollution: Operating in electric mode minimizes noise, creating a more pleasant driving experience for both the driver and passengers, as well as for pedestrians.
• Enhanced Comfort: The instant torque provided by electric motors contributes to responsive acceleration, enhancing overall driving dynamics and comfort, particularly in stop-and-go traffic.

From enhanced flexibility and cost-effectiveness to advanced technology, EREVs represent a practical and sustainable choice for modern drivers. As the automotive landscape continues to evolve, the attractiveness of EREVs is likely to grow, making them an increasingly relevant option for those looking to embrace sustainable transportation without compromising on performance or convenience.

The Best Extended-Range Electric Vehicles

Now let’s explore some of the best extended-range electric vehicles currently available in Canada, highlighting their unique features, technology, and overall appeal.

Chevrolet Volt

The Chevrolet Volt has long been a benchmark in the EREV category. Although discontinued in 2019, it remains a relevant example of the technology’s capabilities. The Volt features a 1.5-litre four-cylinder engine that serves as a generator, allowing it to achieve an impressive total range of around 680 km when combining both electric and gasoline power.

Key Features:

• All-Electric Range: Approximately 85 km on a fully charged battery.
• Fuel Efficiency: When operating in extended-range mode, the Volt achieves about 42 MPG.
• Interior Space: The Volt’s hatchback design provides ample cargo space, making it versatile for everyday use.

While the Volt is no longer in production, its legacy continues to influence new EREV models.

BMW i3 Range Extender

The BMW i3 is a compact electric vehicle that offers an optional range extender (REx) in the form of a small gasoline engine. This innovative design allows drivers to enjoy the benefits of electric driving with the added assurance of extended range when needed.

Key Features:

• Electric Range: Up to 240 km on electric power alone.
• Range Extender: The REx can add approximately 110 additional kilometres, activating when the battery is low.
• Unique Design: The i3 features a distinctive, sustainable design with a carbon-fibre-reinforced plastic body, promoting a lightweight structure and enhanced efficiency.

The BMW i3 appeals to urban drivers seeking a stylish and eco-friendly vehicle with the flexibility to handle longer trips.

Honda Clarity Plug-In Hybrid

The Honda Clarity Plug-In Hybrid stands out for its spacious interior and impressive fuel efficiency. With a well-balanced combination of electric and gasoline power, it caters to a diverse range of driving needs.

Key Features:

• Electric Range: Offers approximately 80 km of all-electric driving.
• Hybrid Efficiency: When operating in hybrid mode, the Clarity achieves an estimated 110 MPGe.
• Comfort and Technology: The Clarity is equipped with advanced safety features, a user-friendly infotainment system, and ample passenger space, making it a practical choice for families.

The Honda Clarity is an excellent option for those seeking a reliable EREV that excels in both city and highway driving.

Ford Escape Plug-In Hybrid

The Ford Escape Plug-In Hybrid is a versatile compact SUV that successfully blends utility and efficiency. This vehicle is particularly suited for consumers who desire an elevated driving position and extra cargo space.

Key Features:

• Electric Range: Approximately 60 km on electric power alone.
• Total Range: With the gasoline engine, the total range can exceed 800 km.
• Interior Flexibility: The Escape offers a spacious cabin and ample cargo area, making it family-friendly and practical for various activities.

The Ford Escape Plug-In Hybrid is ideal for drivers who prioritize versatility and space, along with the benefits of an extended-range electric vehicle.

Volvo S60 Recharge

The Volvo S60 Recharge is a luxury sedan that emphasizes performance alongside its eco-friendly credentials. Its sleek design and advanced technology make it a standout choice in the EREV market.

Key Features:

• Electric Range: Offers approximately 34km of all-electric driving.
• Powerful Performance: The combination of a turbocharged engine and electric motor delivers impressive acceleration and driving dynamics.
• Safety and Technology: The S60 Recharge is equipped with Volvo’s renowned safety features and a high-quality infotainment system, ensuring a premium driving experience.

The Volvo S60 Recharge caters to consumers looking for luxury without compromising on environmentally conscious driving.

Kia Niro Plug-In Hybrid

The Kia Niro Plug-In Hybrid is a versatile crossover that offers an efficient driving experience with ample space for passengers and cargo. Its design focuses on practicality and economy, making it an appealing choice for a wide range of drivers.

Key Features:

• Electric Range: Approximately 42 km on electric power alone.
• Hybrid Efficiency: Achieves up to 105 MPGe in hybrid mode, providing significant savings on fuel.
• User-Friendly Features: The Niro comes equipped with a suite of modern technology and safety features, enhancing its appeal for tech-savvy consumers.

The Kia Niro Plug-In Hybrid is perfect for those seeking a compact vehicle with the flexibility of both electric and gasoline power.

From the compact design of the BMW i3 to the spaciousness of the Ford Escape Plug-In Hybrid, these  extended range electric vehicles exemplify the versatility and practicality of EREVs. As the market continues to evolve, consumers can expect even more innovative options that combine sustainability with performance, making the transition to electric driving both achievable and appealing.

In conclusion, the extended-range electric vehicle function represents a significant advancement in automotive technology, providing a practical solution to common concerns about electric driving. As the automotive landscape continues to evolve, EREVs will stand out as a versatile and eco-friendly choice for a wide range of drivers.

More from Carnex Blog:

Electric Vehicle Storage: How To Prep Your EV For Long-Term Parking

First-Time Electric Car Driver? Here’s What You Need To Know Before Hitting the Road

Winter Driving with Electric Vehicles: How Much Range These Popular EVs Lose In The Cold

As always, Carnex can provide you with detailed information about buying and selling used electric vehicles in Ontario.

Carnex is the top online EV expert in Canada for buying and selling used electric vehicles in Ontario.

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